Can schizophrenia develop at any time?
Although schizophrenia can occur at any age, the average age of onset tends to be in the late teens to the early 20s for men, and the late 20s to early 30s for women. It is uncommon for schizophrenia to be diagnosed in a person younger than 12 or older than 40.
Can you slowly develop schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia does not have a sudden onset—meaning a person does not wake up one day with schizophrenia. Instead, the illness usually develops slowly over months or years and often comes with warning signs. These warning signs often appear when a person is becoming an adult, between the ages of 16-30.2015-06-03
Can a schizophrenic live normally?
While it was once thought to be a disease that only worsened over time, schizophrenia is now known to be manageable thanks to modern treatment practices. With a dedication to ongoing treatment, often beginning with intensive residential care, most individuals can live normal or almost-normal lives.
How often do schizophrenics relapse?
The authors found a mean cumulative relapse rate of 52% (ranging from 0% to 100%) over a mean follow-up period of 6.3 months (ranging from 0.5 to 24 months) for patients withdrawn from antipsychotics, versus 16% for those patients who continued to receive maintenance antipsychotic treatment.2013-02-08
How do you diagnose schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia can usually be diagnosed if: you’ve experienced 1 or more of the following symptoms most of the time for a month: delusions, hallucinations, hearing voices, incoherent speech, or negative symptoms, such as a flattening of emotions.
Does schizophrenia sometimes go away?
While no cure exists for schizophrenia, it is treatable and manageable with medication and behavioral therapy, especially if diagnosed early and treated continuously.
How often do psychotic patients relapse?
Rates of relapse in psychotic disorder were 31% after one year and 43% after two years of treatment [11].2021-05-06
Can schizophrenia be intermittent?
Most people with schizophrenia suffer from symptoms either continuously or intermittently throughout life and are often severely stigmatized by people who do not understand the disease.
Can schizophrenia be cured or prevented?
Prevention. There’s no sure way to prevent schizophrenia, but sticking with the treatment plan can help prevent relapses or worsening of symptoms. In addition, researchers hope that learning more about risk factors for schizophrenia may lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment.2020-01-07
Can schizophrenia go away without treatment?
If left untreated, schizophrenia rarely gets better on its own. Symptoms of schizophrenia more frequently increase in intensity without treatment and may even lead to the onset of additional mental issues, including: Depression. Anxiety.2021-07-26
What happens if schizophrenia is left untreated?
Left untreated, schizophrenia can result in severe problems that affect every area of life. Complications that schizophrenia may cause or be associated with include: Suicide, suicide attempts and thoughts of suicide. Anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)2020-01-07
Can you get rid of schizophrenia naturally?
In some cases, schizophrenia can be treated naturally. Some providers may use talk therapy, communication and social skills training, family therapy and career coaching. In other cases, your provider might ask you to relax and try exercises like yoga .2021-02-02
How do you test for schizophrenia?
There are no laboratory tests to diagnose schizophrenia. Instead, a doctor will perform a physical evaluation, review your medical history, and may use various diagnostic tests, such as a blood test, MRI, or CT scan to rule out any other conditions.2022-01-26
Can schizophrenics live a normal life without medication?
New study challenges our understanding of schizophrenia as a chronic disease that requires lifelong treatment. A new study shows that 30 per cent of patients with schizophrenia manage without antipsychotic medicine after ten years of the disease, without falling back into a psychosis.2017-07-23
How common is relapse in schizophrenia?
Warning Signs of a Schizophrenia Relapse Up to 70 percent of people with schizophrenia will experience these early symptoms before a full relapse sets in.2014-06-09
How do you stop schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia treatments There’s no cure for schizophrenia. Current treatments focus on managing or reducing the severity of symptoms. It’s important to get treatment from a psychiatrist or mental health professional who has experience treating people with this disorder.2021-05-03
What are signs of schizophrenia relapse?
Common warning signs of a schizophrenia relapse include insomnia, social withdrawal, difficulty concentrating, loss of interest, increasing paranoia, and hallucinations.2014-06-09
Can schizophrenia episodes come and go?
When schizophrenia is under control, and the symptoms stop or get better, it can be easy to think it’s behind you. But relapses can happen. That means that the symptoms come back. You can help prevent them by watching out for early warning signs.
How can you prevent schizophrenia?
Although there is no proven way to prevent schizophrenia, scientists are looking for ways to make it less likely. Schizophrenia is a complex illness that may partly involve your genes. But events in your life may also play a role. The condition can sometimes run in families.2014-03-26
The Association Between Cannabis Use and Schizophrenia
From the current data, we can conclude that the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) component of cannabis can be the main culprit causing psychosis and schizophrenia in the at-risk population. THC can also be the one exacerbating symptoms and causing an adverse prognosis in already diagnosed patients.
Cannabis and Schizophrenia: What's the Link? | Psych Central
Frequent use of cannabis, particularly at a young age, can double the chances of developing schizophrenia. Daily use of high-potency THC may result in a 5 times higher chance of developing a
The Association Between Cannabis Use and Schizophrenia
It is a well-known fact that many of the abuse substances cause psychosis, which is a part of the schizophrenia spectrum; cannabis is one [ 9 ]. Moreover, if cannabis use leads to schizophrenia development or worsens schizophrenic symptoms, it is a subject of interest for many psychiatrists and researchers.
Cannabis and Schizophrenia: Who's Most at Risk
The connection between marijuana and schizophrenia is also muddied by the fact that cannabis use is strongly associated with tobacco consumption. Conversely, tobacco use is strongly correlated with
Marijuana and Schizophrenia: Is There a Link?
Cannabis may cause schizophrenia symptoms to start earlier in life, too. Typically, men show signs of the disorder in their late teens to early 20s, and women in their late 20s to early 30s. Using
Cannabis and schizophrenia – PubMed
Cannabis and schizophrenia Abstract Background: Schizophrenia is a mental illness causing disordered beliefs, ideas and sensations. Many people with schizophrenia smoke cannabis, and it is unclear why a large proportion do so and if the effects are harmful or beneficial.
Schizophrenia linked to marijuana use disorder is on the
In 1995, 2% of schizophrenia diagnoses in the country were associated with cannabis use disorder. In 2000, it increased to around 4%. Since 2010, that figure increased to 8%, the study found.
Cannabis use and the course of schizophrenia: 10-year
INTRODUCTION. Elevated rates of cannabis use have repeatedly been observed among individuals with schizophrenia. Specifically, a recent review of 53 treatment studies found that the average 12-month prevalence of cannabis use was 29.2% among patients with psychosis (), as compared with 4.0% in the general U.S. population ().Furthermore, prospective studies indicate that cannabis use is
CANNABIS PROBABLY DOES CAUSE SCHIZOPHRENIA • Johnny's
Suppressing anti-inflammatory anandamide by cannabis is also a concern because many cases of schizophrenia are provoked by inflammation. Finally, regular cannabis use could lead to persistent psychosis by making the brain hypersensitive to serotonin. Recent data show that daily THC in adolescence sensitizes the serotonin 2A receptor of rodents.
Cannabis use and the risk of developing a psychotic
Cannabis could also be used to self-medicate the symptoms of schizophrenia 6 – 15. The consistent finding of an association between cannabis use and psychosis makes chance an unlikely explanation of the association, and there are also now a number of prospective studies showing that cannabis use often precedes psychosis.
Cannabis and schizophrenia: New evidence unveiled
” Our research demonstrates that cannabis has a differential risk on susceptible versus non-susceptible individuals. In other words, young people with a genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia –
Does Cannabis Cause Schizophrenia? | Psychology Today
The connection between marijuana and schizophrenia is also muddied by the fact that cannabis use is strongly associated with tobacco consumption. Conversely, tobacco use is strongly correlated with
The Relationship Between Marijuana and Schizophrenia
A 2017 study published in the journal Psychological Medicine examined the relationship between marijuana use and the risk for schizophrenia. Researchers found some evidence linking cannabis use with an increased risk for schizophrenia. This study also concluded that people at risk for schizophrenia are more likely to try cannabis.
Cannabis, Schizophrenia and Psychosis – BC Schizophrenia
Cannabis, Schizophrenia and Psychosis The link between the use of cannabis and symptoms of schizophrenia is clear even though it has been surrounded by controversy. The use of cannabis can trigger and lead to an earlier onset of schizophrenia to those already predisposed to this mental illness.
Cannabis and Schizophrenia: Trigger or Treatment
The connection between cannabis use and psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia, is supported by a large body of research, but the debate continues as to whether one has a more causative
Medical Marijuana for Schizophrenia – Marijuana Doctors
Best Strains of Marijuana to Use for Schizophrenia Symptoms and Treatment Side Effects. While schizophrenic patients may want to stay away from some types of the medical marijuana plant — like THC, which would stimulate an already excited mind — the CBD non-psychoactive compound is a potent antipsychotic.CBD also counteracts the effects of THC.
5 Cannabis Strains for Schizophrenia and Psychosis
One study shows that people who try cannabis before the age of 18 are 2.4 times more likely to develop schizophrenia than those who do not, and the risk increases with increased use. However, CBD can counteract the negative effects of THC.
Cannabis and Schizophrenia: Do THC and CBD Affect It
Cannabis and schizophrenia have a complex relationship with the potential for both risks and benefits. Read about the effects of cannabis, specifically THC and CBD, on schizophrenia.
Fact Check: Can Marijuana Use Induce Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a chronic brain condition that affects nearly 20 million people worldwide, causing substantial disability and a high burden of care. To what extent marijuana use may cause psychiatric disorders is uncertain. Youths who already have a mother, father, or sibling with schizophrenia are the most at risk.
The Link between Schizophrenia and Marijuana Use
On average, cannabis is involved in about 50% of psychosis and schizophrenia cases (6). According to a recent study posted in Psychological Medicine (2016), studies suggest that individuals who may be prone to schizophrenia are more likely to try marijuana, and its use may increase the risk of developing symptoms.
Is Cannabis Use Increasing Schizophrenia?
This follows a July report from researchers in Denmark who claim that the increasing use of cannabis is a likely cause of increasing incidence of schizophrenia noted in that country over the past 2 decades. 2 An increasing incidence of schizophrenia, or psychosis in general, has also been reported in England, Switzerland, and Canada, especially
Cannabis Probably Does Cause Schizophrenia – Erik
Schizophrenia is a condition of persistent psychosis, and the heart of psychosis is misperception. Consistently misperceived external events or frequent misperception of internal thoughts or feelings are the building blocks of psychosis. People enjoy using cannabis precisely because it causes the brain to register misperceptions (of time
The Link Between Marijuana And Schizophrenia | ARK
Marijuana, also known as cannabis, is the most popular psychoactive drug in the United States besides alcohol.. With the rising legalization of recreational and medical marijuana, many people are concerned about the drug’s impact on mental health, particularly its relationship with schizophrenia.
Cannabis & Schizophrenia: How Do They Relate?
Based on these population studies, scientists have claimed that cannabis is responsible for 8-13 percent of all schizophrenia cases. In some cases of high genetic vulnerability to developing schizophrenia, cannabis is thought to increase risk tenfold. This pervasive idea that cannabis can trigger schizophrenia doesn’t seem that far-fetched.
Variable individual sensitivity to cannabis in patients
There is now compelling evidence that cannabis consumption might precipitate psychosis onset. The objective of the present study was to assess the role of individual sensitivity to the psychotogenic effect of cannabis in male patients with schizophrenia. The lifetime diagnosis, disease and substance …
Can Marijuana Treat Schizophrenia? | Massachusetts Medical
Medical marijuana can be a different and effective way to help treat some of the symptoms associated with schizophrenia. To learn more about the health benefits of medical cannabis, contact the medical marijuana doctors at Inhale MD online, or call us today at (617) 477-8886.
Cannabis for schizophrenia | Cochrane
Many people with the serious mental illness schizophrenia smoke cannabis but it is not known why people do so or the effects of smoking cannabis. It is unclear what the best methods are that help people to reduce or stop smoking cannabis. Cannabis is the most consumed illicit drug in the world – amounting to 120 to 224 million users.
Cannabis and Schizophrenia : schizophrenia
Cannabis and Schizophrenia. If anyone here believes that weed possibly was the cause for their developing of Schizophrenia did you already have family with any Psychotic illnesses or are you the only one? Do you personally believe cannabis causes schizophrenia or temporary states of psychosis.
Does Marijuana Use Cause or Treat Schizophrenia? – Healthline
Research has not only examined how marijuana might be a causal risk factor for schizophrenia. Other research highlights how marijuana can worsen symptoms and lead to substance abuse.
Cannabis: Increased schizophrenia risk in young people
The incidence of schizophrenia in the general population is around one in 300 people—while those who use cannabis have at least a threefold greater risk of developing schizophrenia, making this
Does Marijuana Use Cause Schizophrenia – The New York
The result: there was a heightened schizophrenia risk among people with a family history, regardless of cannabis use. “My study clearly shows that cannabis does not cause schizophrenia by itself
Cannabis, schizophrenia genetic risk, and psychotic
Cannabis is known to produce acute, transient psychotic-like experiences. However, it is unclear whether cannabis disproportionately increases the risk of specific types of psychotic experiences
Marijuana and Schizophrenia – Is There a Link? – The
Marijuana is increasingly legalized and accepted in the United States, but some suggest this could be increasing psychosis-related mental disorders including schizophrenia.While schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder, heavily linked to genetics, there is significant evidence showing a potential link to cannabis use.
Fact Check: Can Marijuana Use Induce Schizophrenia
Numerous studies have correlated marijuana use to an increased risk of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a chronic brain condition that affects nearly 20 million people worldwide, causing substantial disability and a high burden of care. To what extent marijuana use may cause psychiatric disorders is uncertain.
Teens who smoke pot at risk for later schizophrenia
Increased cannabis use by the public has not been followed by a proportional rise in diagnoses of schizophrenia or psychosis, according to the findings of a study published September 2009 in the journal Schizophrenia Research.
Drug-Induced Schizophrenia: What You Need to Know
The use of cannabis and schizophrenia are linked, but it has been challenging for researchers to tease out the precise relationship between the two. A recent review found some evidence that cannabis can have a small effect on causing schizophrenia as well as exacerbating symptoms of existing schizophrenia.
Cannabis and Mental Health: Schizophrenia | High Times
While THC appears to be a cannabinoid medical professionals would not recommend in most schizophrenia patients, some are discussing the positive benefits of CBD.. Dr. Bill Code is a cannabis
Can Marijuana Use Cause Schizophrenia?
Additionally, marijuana may trigger schizophrenic symptoms in people who have a predisposition to the condition. Studies have shown that people who carry certain genes are at a higher risk of developing schizophrenia as a result of marijuana use. These genes, which include COMT and AKT1, affect the chemicals in the brain.
CANNABIS AND SCHIZOPHRENIA A Longitudinal Study of Swedish
The association between level of cannabis consumption and development of schizophrenia during a 15-year follow-up was studied in a cohort of 45 570 Swedish conscripts. The relative risk for schizophrenia among high consumers of cannabis (use on more than fifty occasions) was 6·0 (95% confidence interval 4·0—8·9) compared with non-users.
Cannabis and Schizophrenia, Cure or Cause? – Cannabis Life
There is an Established Link Between Cannabis and Schizophrenia — Cause. As per the findings of an analysis of many individual studies, cannabis is the most typical substance consumed by schizophrenia patients. Further, youngsters are more likely to consume cannabis and not alcohol. However, the link confounds experts.
Harvard: Marijuana Doesn't Cause Schizophrenia
“The results of the current study suggest that having an increased familial morbid risk for schizophrenia may be the underlying basis for schizophrenia in cannabis users and not cannabis use by
Schizophrenia and Medical Marijuana: Risks and Benefits of Use
It is a completely separate plant even though they are both cannabis varieties. NIDA reports that other uses being explored include treatment of epilepsy, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, schizophrenia, cancer, pain, inflammatory diseases, and acne, among other conditions.
Cannabis and Schizophrenia: Self-Medication and Agonist
Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is up to ten times more common in schizophrenia (SCZ) than in the general population, and substantially worsens the course of this severe psychiatric disorder. Since SCZ occurs in 1% of the population, the comorbidity of CUD in 13% to 42% of people with this disorder presents society with an important public health
Cannabis Addiction And Rising Schizophrenia Cases Linked
A new study in the journal JAMA Psychiatry highlights a possible link between cannabis use disorder and schizophrenia.Researchers examined the medical records of more than seven million people in
Cannabis and Schizophrenia – The Weed Blog
Cannabis and Schizophrenia. It’s not uncommon for cannabis aficionados to view the herb as a panacea to all problems and ailments, physical or mental. However, while cannabis does have sweeping positive effects and benefits from medical and recreational nature, it’s important to remember that schizophrenia is a whole different ballgame.
Interaction of schizophrenia and chronic cannabis use on
The chronic use of cannabis increases the risk of developing schizophrenia 1.This risk increases with rising total exposure to cannabis 2.Chronic cannabis use has been associated with younger age
Is there a link between marijuana use and psychiatric
Several studies have linked marijuana use to increased risk for psychiatric disorders, including psychosis (schizophrenia), depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders, but whether and to what extent it actually causes these conditions is not always easy to determine. 32 Recent research suggests that smoking high-potency marijuana every day could increase the chances of developing
Can Smoking Marijuana Cause Schizophrenia? – Alta Mira
The risk of developing schizophrenia because of using marijuana remains low, as is the risk of developing cannabis-induced psychosis. However, there is a connection, and it is important for anyone who may be predisposed to develop schizophrenia to be particularly aware that early use of the drug can increase the risk. What To Expect When You Call.
Cannabis, Schizophrenia and Reward: Self-Medication and
Groups 1-3 will have diagnoses of schizophrenia and cannabis use disorder; Group 4 will have schizophrenia only, Groups 5-7 will have cannabis use disorder only and Group 8 will be healthy control participants. Following screening and baseline neuropsychiatric testing, participants will have two tests days (T1 and T2) that will include task
Cannabis Users Have 500% Increased Risk for Schizophrenia
Cannabis creates a greater mental health risk than any other substance, including class A drugs, scientists have found. Those who abuse the drug – now more potent than ever in the form of super-strength ‘skunk’ – are 5.2 times as likely to develop schizophrenia as someone who had never smoked it.
Cannabis and psychosis – The Lancet Psychiatry
Cannabis and psychosis. Cannabis and schizophrenia—a longitudinal study of Swedish conscripts. found 21 cases recorded subsequently as suffering from schizophrenia among those 752 individuals who had taken cannabis more than 50 times. This finding represents a relative risk of 6·0 times that in the cohort as a whole.
Marijuana and Schizophrenia | Does Marijuana Cause
Marijuana affects the endocannabinoid system of the user as well, and that’s a key area of the brain that’s associated with schizophrenia. The endocannabinoid system regulates most of the functions we use daily including cognition, sleep, and emotion, as well as reward processing.
Cannabis use in adolescence linked to schizophrenia
A new study points to cannabis as a trigger for schizophrenia. The research finds that smoking pot or using cannabis in other ways during adolescence may serve as a catalyst for schizophrenia in
Marijuana, Cannabis and Schizophrenia – Schizophrenia.com
Additionally, the younger a person smokes/uses cannabis, the higher the risk for schizophrenia, and the worse the schizophrenia is when the person does develop it. Research by psychiatrists in inner-city areas speak of cannabis being a factor in up to 80 percent of schizophrenia cases .
Cannabis and Psychosis: What's The Actual Link Between Them?
According to several older studies, people who begin using cannabis in adolescence are more likely to experience symptoms of psychosis or receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia later in life.
Cannabis and Schizophrenia: Trigger or Treatment
Cannabis and Schizophrenia: Trigger or Treatment? The rate of marijuana-use disorders in the general U.S. adult population is 1.5%. 4 Using resting state fMRI to compare connectivity of the brain
Cannabis' effects on brain neurochemistry — ScienceDaily
Of note, a recent analysis found a dose-response relationship between higher cannabis use and increased risk for schizophrenia, a condition associated with abnormal dopamine synthesis and release
Does Cannabis Cause Schizophrenia? – The Green Fund
What Does Cannabis Have To Do With It? Research into the link between cannabis and schizophrenia has been ongoing for decades. There are several reasons why cannabis and schizophrenia aren’t necessarily a good fit and the ties between the two have an extensive log of psychological research behind what exactly is going on.
Development Over Time of the PARF for Cannabis Use
Both cannabis use and cannabis use disorder have indeed been increasing over time in many countries, such as Denmark. 12 The same is true for the potency of cannabis products available on the market. 10,11 If all other risk factors for schizophrenia remained stable in the same period, this should then lead to an increase in the population
PDF Yale School of Medicine < Yale School of Medicine
Yale School of Medicine < Yale School of Medicine
Ethan Russo: "Cannabis does not cause schizophrenia in
Neurologist and researcher in the field of psychopharmacology, Ethan Russo is an unavoidable figure in the field of cannabis for medicinal purposes, and is currently the director of research and development at the ICCI — International Cannabis and Cannabinoids Institute. Graduated in Psychology from the University of Pennsylvania and in Medicine from the University of […]
Schizophrenia, Cannabis, and the AKT1 Gene – Cornerstone
Since dopamine issues are related to the development and pathology of schizophrenia, and cannabis can affect dopamine levels, this seems a likely avenue for AKT1 to influence the brain’s reaction to cannabis. Additionally, regardless of the pathway, THC has been shown to activate AKT1 both in cell cultures and in living mammals.
Is marijuana linked to psychosis, schizophrenia? It's
He said many marijuana users are familiar with the possibility that smoking cannabis can cause paranoia, and paranoia is a textbook definition of an episode of psychosis, along with hallucinations
Cannabis Habit and Schizophrenia May Have Genetic Link
People with schizophrenia and some who use cannabis may have certain genes in common, according to new research. The findings may partly explain the following, long-established link between cannabis use and psychotic disorders: The rate of people who smoke pot is higher among those who are diagnosed with schizophrenia than it is in the general population.
Strong Support for Causal Role of Cannabis in Schizophrenia
The long-observed association between cannabis use and schizophrenia is likely partially causal in nature, new research shows. Investigators found a clear increase in the proportion of
Marijuana and Schizophrenia – HealthyPlace
Marijuana users may also develop schizophrenia, on average, two years sooner than non-users. However, while this link is known, the causes of the link are not. Researchers aren’t sure if cannabis and schizophrenia are linked because the cannabis itself is increasing the risk of schizophrenia or because those with schizophrenia are predisposed
Cannabis And Schizophrenia: The Debate Continues – RQS Blog
The “Reefer Madness” era of the 1930’s could be the darkest time in cannabis history. During those years, propaganda against marijuana use was disseminated to the mainstream audience, arguing that consumption of the herb would lead to mental issues such as schizophrenia.
Cannabis the relationship between cannabis use and
It might be that cannabis causes schizophrenia—but it might not. It’s difficult for scientists to untangle the link between cannabis use and schizophrenia and conclude if cannabis use causes the development of schizophrenia, or, alternatively, if schizophrenia may lead people to use cannabis. It’s possible that cannabis relieves some
The new strain of cannabis that could help treat psychosis
The exact effect this change has had on the mental health of cannabis users is hard to say – the link between cannabis and schizophrenia remains complex and controversial. Researchers have
News Feature: Cannabis and the adolescent brain
cannabis can directly cause schizophrenia (Murray believes it can, especially with heavy use), or primarily triggers or accelerates schizophrenia in a subset of people already predisposed to developing the disor-der. Many researchers favor the latter theory, which, according to Hill, could help explain why rates of
Cannabis being grown – How to get the Police to act
It is the existance of the correlation between smoking cannabis and developing schizophrenia without a benign explaination that leaves it open to the suspicion it is a causation link. Eventually for schizophrenia is typically a young age. For men most develop schizophrenia between 16-25 years old.
Used Resourses:
- https://www.everydayhealth.com/hs/schizophrenia-caregiver-guide/recognizing-and-preventing-relapse/
- https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/can-schizophrenia-be-cured
- https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/schizophrenia/diagnosis/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3599855/
- https://www.pchtreatment.com/can-schizophrenia-go-away/
- https://www.brightquest.com/schizophrenia/can-schizophrenics-live-normal-lives/
- https://www.everydayhealth.com/hs/schizophrenia-caregiver-guide/recognizing-and-preventing-relapse/
- https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/prevent-schizophrenia-relapse
- https://www.bbrfoundation.org/faq/frequently-asked-questions-about-schizophrenia
- https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/features/is-it-possible-to-prevent-schizophrenia
- https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/schizophrenia/causes/
- https://www.nami.org/About-Mental-Illness/Mental-Health-Conditions/Schizophrenia